(1) New energy and renewable energy are clean and have very few pollutant emissions. They are clean energy that is in harmony with the ecological environment of the earth on which mankind depends.

The large-scale development and utilization of fossil energy is one of the main causes of atmospheric and other types of environmental pollution and ecological damage. How to protect the environment and ecology of the earth on which humans depend while developing and using energy has become a major global issue. At present, countries all over the world are taking measures to improve energy efficiency and energy structure to solve this major environmental problem closely related to energy consumption. This is the so-called energy efficiency revolution and clean energy revolution, which is what we usually call energy conservation and the development of clean and low-carbon new energy and renewable energy.

Global climate change is a major global environmental issue that the international community is generally concerned about. It is mainly caused by the emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases produced by the burning of large amounts of fossil fuels in the industrialization process of developed countries. Therefore, limiting and reducing the emission of CO2 and other greenhouse gases produced by the burning of fossil fuels has become an important part of the international community in mitigating global climate change.

Since the Industrial Revolution, about 80% of the additional climate forcing caused by greenhouse gases is caused by human activities, of which CO2 accounts for about 60%. It can be seen that CO2 is the main type of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, and the burning of fossil fuels is the main source of CO2 emissions in energy activities. In 1990, the world’s primary energy consumption was 11.476 billion tons of standard coal, of which coal, oil, and natural gas accounted for 27.3%, 38.6%, and 21.7% respectively. In 2009, global primary energy consumption further increased to 7.37 billion tons of standard coal, of which coal , Oil and natural gas accounted for 27.2%, 32.9% and 20.9% respectively, making a total of 81%. According to the 1992 work report of the First Working Group of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), global fossil fuels emitted approximately 6 to 6.5 billion tons of carbon into the atmosphere in 1990. According to statistics, in 1998 the world’s fossil fuels emitted about 6.1 billion tons of carbon into the atmosphere.

Observational data show that in the past 100 years, the global average temperature has risen by 0.3~0.6℃, and the global sea level has risen by 10~25cm on average. If we do not take measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, in the next few decades, the global average temperature will rise by 0.2°C every 10 years, and the global average temperature will rise by 1~3.5°C by 2100. The IPCC predicts that the global average temperature in the 21st century The range of increase may be between 1.4°C and 5.8°C. The actual increase depends on the fossil fuel consumption in the 21st century and the sensitivity of the climate system.

my country’s energy development and utilization have caused serious environmental pollution. my country is one of the few countries in the world whose energy structure is dominated by coal, and is the world’s largest coal consumer. In 2010, my country’s total primary energy consumption was 3.25 billion tons of standard coal, of which coal accounted for 68%. In 2011, my country’s total coal consumption was 3.58 billion tons, accounting for about 70% of total primary energy consumption. Emissions reached 7.7 billion tons, accounting for about 22% of the world’s CO2 emissions, ranking first in the world, of which about 85% are emissions from coal. In 2005, my country’s SO2 emission was 25.493 million tons, ranking first in the world, 90% of which was emitted by coal; and 11.825 million tons of smoke and dust were emitted, of which 70% was emitted by energy development and utilization. Due to the large amount of environmental pollutants emitted by energy use and other pollution sources, about 57% of the cities in the country have particulate matter exceeding the national limit; about 50% of the cities have SO2 concentrations exceeding the national level 1 emission standard; about 80% of the cities There has been acid rain, covering an area of ​​about 30% of the country’s land area; NO in many cities has increased unabated. The economic losses caused by SO2 and acid rain have accounted for more than 3% of the national GDP. In recent years, due to the substantial increase in the number of urban cars, automobile exhaust produced by burning gasoline has become an important source of pollution in the urban environment. At present, severe air pollution has become a sharp problem and prominent manifestation of environmental destruction and ecological deterioration in our country. From the perspective of air pollution indicators, the number of days that the primary pollutant inhalable particulate matter is not up to the standard in the atmosphere accounts for 94% of the total number of days that are not up to the standard. It is the main control indicator of air pollution, and energy activity pollution is the main source of air pollution. . Energy activity pollution has a “contribution” of 60% to the pollution of inhalable particulate matter, and almost all “responsibility” for the three indicators of SO2, NO, and volatile organic compounds. It is about 70%. The energy activity pollution mentioned here mainly refers to the pollutants produced in the development and utilization of fossil energy (especially coal) such as coal, oil, natural gas, etc., which are widely used in our country. The most basic source of pollution and ecological degradation. Therefore, we must make great efforts to optimize the structure of China’s energy production and consumption, take effective measures to save energy, reduce energy consumption intensity, and actively develop and utilize clean, low-carbon, and resource-rich new energy and Renewable energy. According to reports from international authoritative organizations, the current carbon emission rate of various power generation methods [g carbon/(kW.h)]: coal power generation is 275, oil power generation is 204, natural gas power generation is 181, and solar thermal power generation is 92. , Solar photovoltaic power generation is 55, wave power generation is 41, ocean thermal power generation is 36, tidal power generation is 35, wind power generation is 20, geothermal power generation is 11, nuclear power generation is 8, and hydropower generation is 6. These data are based on various The mining and transportation of raw materials and fuels for power generation, the manufacture of power generation equipment, the construction of power sources and grids, the operation and power generation of power sources, and the maintenance, waste discharge and treatment, and other energy consumed in all cycles, are in accordance with various power generation The method is calculated from the amount of electricity generated during the lifetime.

From the above analysis, it can be seen that new energy and renewable energy are clean energy that protects the ecological environment of the earth on which mankind depends; the use of new energy and renewable energy to gradually reduce and replace the use of fossil energy is to protect the ecological environment and promote the economy. Major measures on the road to sustainable social development.